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agent-sdk/slash-commands.md 2026-06-29 23:02 UTC to 2026-06-30 23:02 UTC

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2026
Wed 10 23:57 Tue 30 23:02

SDK 中的 slash commands

学习如何通过 SDK 使用 slash commands 来控制 Claude Code 会话

Slash commands 提供了一种方式来控制 Claude Code 会话，使用以 / 开头的特殊命令。这些命令可以通过 SDK 发送，以执行诸如压缩上下文、列出上下文使用情况或调用自定义命令等操作。只有在不需要交互式终端的情况下工作的命令才能通过 SDK 分派；system/init 消息列出了在您的会话中可用的命令。

发现可用的 Slash Commands

Claude Agent SDK 在系统初始化消息中提供有关可用 slash commands 的信息。在您的会话开始时访问此信息：

import { query } from "@anthropic-ai/claude-agent-sdk";

for await (const message of query({
prompt: "Hello Claude",
options: { maxTurns: 1 }
})) {
if (message.type === "system" && message.subtype === "init") {
console.log("Available slash commands:", message.slash_commands);
// 包括内置命令加上捆绑的 skills，例如：
// ["clear", "compact", "context", "usage", "code-review", "verify", ...]
}
}

发送 Slash Commands

通过在您的提示字符串中包含 slash commands 来发送它们，就像常规文本一样。作用于对话历史的命令，例如 /compact，需要先前的消息来处理，因此下面的示例首先提出一个问题，然后将命令作为后续发送到同一对话：

import { query } from "@anthropic-ai/claude-agent-sdk";

// Build up conversation history first
try {
for await (const message of query({
prompt: "What does the README in this directory cover?",
options: { maxTurns: 2 }
})) {
if (message.type === "result" && message.subtype === "success") {
console.log(message.result);
}
}
} catch (error) {
// A single-shot query() throws after yielding an error result,
// so the follow-up query below still runs.
console.error(`Session ended with an error: ${error}`);
}

// Send a slash command as a follow-up to the same conversation
for await (const message of query({
prompt: "/compact",
options: { continue: true, maxTurns: 1 }
})) {
if (message.type === "result") {
console.log("Command executed, result subtype:", message.subtype);
// Example output: Command executed, result subtype: success
}
}

常见的 Slash Commands

`/compact` - 压缩对话历史

/compact 命令通过总结较早的消息同时保留重要上下文来减少您的对话历史的大小。压缩需要至少有两次先前交互的现有对话来进行总结。此示例首先进行对话，然后压缩它并读取报告结果的 compact_boundary 系统消息：

import { query } from "@anthropic-ai/claude-agent-sdk";

// Compaction needs existing history, so have a conversation first
try {
for await (const message of query({
prompt: "Explain what this project does",
options: { maxTurns: 2 }
})) {
if (message.type === "result" && message.subtype === "success") {
console.log(message.result);
}
}
} catch (error) {
// A single-shot query() throws after yielding an error result,
// so the follow-up query below still runs.
console.error(`Session ended with an error: ${error}`);
}

// Compact the same conversation
for await (const message of query({
prompt: "/compact",
options: { continue: true, maxTurns: 1 }
})) {
if (message.type === "system" && message.subtype === "compact_boundary") {
console.log("Compaction completed");
console.log("Pre-compaction tokens:", message.compact_metadata.pre_tokens);
console.log("Trigger:", message.compact_metadata.trigger);
// Example output:
// Compaction completed
// Pre-compaction tokens: 1842
// Trigger: manual
}
}

`/clear` - 重置对话上下文

/clear 命令将对话重置为空上下文，因此后续提示将从没有先前对话历史的状态开始。之前的对话保留在磁盘上，可以通过将其会话 ID 传递给 resume 选项 来返回。

这在流式输入模式中很有用，在该模式下您通过单个连接发送多个提示。对于一次性 query() 调用，每个调用已经以空上下文开始，因此发送 /clear 没有实际效果；请改为启动一个新的 query()。

创建自定义 Slash Commands

除了使用内置 slash commands 外，您还可以创建自己的自定义命令，这些命令可通过 SDK 使用。自定义命令定义为特定目录中的 markdown 文件，类似于 subagents 的配置方式。

文件位置

自定义 slash commands 根据其范围存储在指定的目录中：

  • 项目命令：.claude/commands/ - 仅在当前项目中可用（旧版；优先使用 .claude/skills/）
  • 个人命令：~/.claude/commands/ - 在您的所有项目中可用（旧版；优先使用 ~/.claude/skills/）

文件格式

每个自定义命令都是一个 markdown 文件，其中：

  • 文件名（不带 .md 扩展名）成为命令名称
  • 文件内容定义命令的功能
  • 可选的 YAML frontmatter 提供配置

基本示例

在您的项目中创建 .claude/commands 目录（如果不存在），然后创建 .claude/commands/refactor.md：

Refactor the selected code to improve readability and maintainability.
Focus on clean code principles and best practices.

这创建了 /refactor 命令，您可以通过 SDK 使用它。

带有 Frontmatter

创建 .claude/commands/security-check.md：

---
allowed-tools: Read, Grep, Glob
description: Run security vulnerability scan
model: claude-opus-4-8
---

Analyze the codebase for security vulnerabilities including:
- SQL injection risks
- XSS vulnerabilities
- Exposed credentials
- Insecure configurations

在 SDK 中使用自定义命令

一旦在文件系统中定义，自定义命令就会自动通过 SDK 可用：

import { query } from "@anthropic-ai/claude-agent-sdk";

// Use a custom command
try {
for await (const message of query({
prompt: "/refactor src/auth/login.ts",
options: { maxTurns: 3 }
})) {
if (message.type === "assistant") {
console.log("Refactoring suggestions:", message.message);
}
}
} catch (error) {
// A single-shot query() throws after yielding an error result,
// so the second query below still runs.
console.error(`Session ended with an error: ${error}`);
}

// Custom commands appear in the slash_commands list
for await (const message of query({
prompt: "Hello",
options: { maxTurns: 1 }
})) {
if (message.type === "system" && message.subtype === "init") {
console.log("Available commands:", message.slash_commands);
// Includes built-in commands plus bundled skills and your custom commands, for example:
// ["clear", "compact", "context", "usage", "code-review", "verify", "refactor", "security-check", ...]
}
}

高级功能

参数和占位符

自定义命令支持使用占位符的动态参数：

创建 .claude/commands/fix-issue.md：

---
argument-hint: [issue-number] [priority]
description: Fix a GitHub issue
---

Fix issue #$0 with priority $1.
Check the issue description and implement the necessary changes.

在 SDK 中使用：

import { query } from "@anthropic-ai/claude-agent-sdk";

// Pass arguments to custom command
for await (const message of query({
prompt: "/fix-issue 123 high",
options: { maxTurns: 5 }
})) {
// Command will process with $0="123" and $1="high"
if (message.type === "result" && message.subtype === "success") {
console.log("Issue fixed:", message.result);
}
}

Bash 命令执行

自定义命令可以执行 bash 命令并包含其输出：

创建 .claude/commands/git-commit.md：

---
allowed-tools: Bash(git add *), Bash(git status *), Bash(git commit *)
description: Create a git commit
---

## Context

- Current status: !`git status`
- Current diff: !`git diff HEAD`

## Task

Create a git commit with appropriate message based on the changes.

文件引用

使用 @ 前缀包含文件内容：

创建 .claude/commands/review-config.md：

---
description: Review configuration files
---

Review the following configuration files for issues:
- Package config: @package.json
- TypeScript config: @tsconfig.json
- Environment config: @.env

Check for security issues, outdated dependencies, and misconfigurations.

使用命名空间进行组织

在子目录中组织命令以获得更好的结构：

.claude/commands/
├── frontend/
│   ├── component.md      # Creates /component (project:frontend)
│   └── style-check.md     # Creates /style-check (project:frontend)
├── backend/
│   ├── api-test.md        # Creates /api-test (project:backend)
│   └── db-migrate.md      # Creates /db-migrate (project:backend)
└── review.md              # Creates /review (project)

子目录出现在命令描述中，但不影响命令名称本身。

实际示例

Pull Request 审查命令

创建 .claude/commands/review-pr.md：

---
allowed-tools: Read, Grep, Glob, Bash(git diff *)
description: Comprehensive code review
---

## Changed Files
!`git diff --name-only HEAD~1`

## Detailed Changes
!`git diff HEAD~1`

## Review Checklist

Review the above changes for:
1. Code quality and readability
2. Security vulnerabilities
3. Performance implications
4. Test coverage
5. Documentation completeness

Provide specific, actionable feedback organized by priority.

测试运行器命令

创建 .claude/commands/test.md：

---
allowed-tools: Bash, Read, Edit
argument-hint: [test-pattern]
description: Run tests with optional pattern
---

Run tests matching pattern: $ARGUMENTS

1. Detect the test framework (Jest, pytest, etc.)
2. Run tests with the provided pattern
3. If tests fail, analyze and fix them
4. Re-run to verify fixes

通过 SDK 使用这些命令：

import { query } from "@anthropic-ai/claude-agent-sdk";

// Run code review
try {
for await (const message of query({
prompt: "/review-pr",
options: { maxTurns: 3 }
})) {
// Process review feedback
}
} catch (error) {
// A single-shot query() throws after yielding an error result,
// so the second query below still runs.
console.error(`Session ended with an error: ${error}`);
}

// Run specific tests
for await (const message of query({
prompt: "/test auth",
options: { maxTurns: 5 }
})) {
// Handle test results
}

另请参阅